What type of components are fly weights in the prop governor system?

Fly weights in the propeller governor system are mechanical components. Their primary function is to sense the rotational speed of the propeller and adjust the pitch of the propeller blades accordingly to maintain a set RPM. As the propeller speed increases, the centrifugal force acting on the fly weights causes them to move outward. This movement is used to act upon a control mechanism within the governor that adjusts the oil flow to the propeller's pitch control, thereby regulating the blade angle to stabilize engine RPM.

Understanding the role of fly weights as mechanical components is crucial in the context of safety and performance during flight operations. If these mechanical components malfunction, the proper regulation of propeller speed can be compromised, potentially leading to engine inefficiency or failure. The nature of fly weights being mechanical means they rely on physical movement rather than electronic signals, magnetic forces, or digital inputs, emphasizing their essential role in the basic mechanical systems of aviation propeller control.